Examinando por Autor "García Pinillos, Felipe"
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Ítem Absolute reliability and validity of the OptoGaitTM system to measure spatiotemporal gait parameters during running(2020) García Pinillos, Felipe; Latorre Román, Pedro A.; Chicano Gutiérrez, José M.; Ruiz Malagón, Emilio J.; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; Roche Seruendo, Luis E."The biomechanics of walking and running, in both ground and treadmill conditions, have been extensively analysed and important differences have been reported. Despite some previous studies having examined the validity and reliability of the OptoGait™ system for measuring gait characteristics during walking, no previous works have determined the reliabil- ity and validity of this system while running on a treadmill. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the absolute reliabil- ity (within-subject variation) and evaluate the concurrent validity of the OptoGait™ system for measuring spatiotemporal variables while running at a comfortable speed by comparing data with a highly accurate system of measuring those para- meters (i.e. video analysis at 1000 Hz). Forty-nine endurance runners performed a running protocol on a treadmill at a comfortable speed. Two systems were used to collect data: OptoGait™ system and high-speed video analysis at 1000 Hz. The coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated as a measure of absolute reliability. The OptoGait™ system reported a CV range between 2.2% and 11.4% for spatiotemporal parameters, while the video analysis showed a CV range between 0.02% and 9.9%. To determine concurrent validity, intra class correlation coefficients (ICC) and pairwise comparisons of means (t-test) were calculated between data from both systems. Although the paired t-test demonstrated significant dif- ferences between systems, a high level of agreement (ICC . 0.89) was obtained in spatiotemporal parameters between systems. When compared to a high-speed video analysis at 1000 Hz, the results indicate that the OptoGait™ system is a reliable and valid tool to measure spatiotemporal gait characteristics while running on a treadmill at a comfortable speed."Ítem Differences in the one-repetition maximum and load-velocity profile between the flat and arched bench press in competitive powerlifters(Routledge. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021) García Ramos, Amador; Pérez Castilla, Alejandro; Villar Macias, Francisco J.; Latorre Román, Pedro; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; García Pinillos, FelipeThis study aimed to compare the one-repetition maximum (1RM) and the velocity outcomes obtained against the same absolute and relative (%1RM) loads between the flat and arched bench press (BP) variants. Eleven competitive male powerlifters were evaluated in one session with the flat BP (natural lumbar arch and moderate scapular retraction) and in another session with the arched BP (pronounced lumbar arch and scapular retraction). An incremental loading test was used to determine the 1RM as well as the barbell’s velocity against the different external loads. The main findings revealed that the 1RM did not significantly differ between the flat (115.9 ± 17.9 kg) and arched (115.7 ± 18.4 kg) BP variants (p = 0.942, effect size = 0.01), while there were no significant differences between BP variants either for the velocity outcomes obtained against the individual loads nor for the velocities associated with each %1RM (p > 0.05). These results suggest that competitive powerlifters do not necessarily present their higher 1RM performance using the arched BP variant. Finally, both BP variants could be used interchangeably when using movement velocity for testing upper-body strength as well as for prescribing the load during velocity-based resistance training routines.Ítem Differences in the one-repetition maximum and load-velocity profile between the flat and arched bench press in competitive powerlifters(Routledge. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021) García Ramos, Amador; Pérez Castilla, Alejandro; Villar Macias, Francisco J.; Latorre Román, Pedro A.; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; García Pinillos, FelipeThis study aimed to compare the one-repetition maximum (1RM) and the velocity outcomes obtained against the same absolute and relative (%1RM) loads between the flat and arched bench press (BP) variants. Eleven competitive male powerlifters were evaluated in one session with the flat BP (natural lumbar arch and moderate scapular retraction) and in another session with the arched BP (pronounced lumbar arch and scapular retraction). An incremental loading test was used to determine the 1RM as well as the barbell’s velocity against the different external loads. The main findings revealed that the 1RM did not significantly differ between the flat (115.9 ± 17.9 kg) and arched (115.7 ± 18.4 kg) BP variants (p = 0.942, effect size = 0.01), while there were no sig- nificant differences between BP variants either for the velocity outcomes obtained against the individual loads nor for the velo- cities associated with each %1RM (p > 0.05). These results suggest that competitive powerlifters do not necessarily present their higher 1RM performance using the arched BP variant. Finally, both BP variants could be used interchangeably when using movement velocity for testing upper-body strength as well as for prescribing the load during velocity-based resistance training routines.Ítem Do age and sex influence on functional movement in school-age children?(FEDERACIÓN ESPAÑOLA ASOC DOCENTES EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA-FEADEF, C CABO VIDIO 27, SAN JAVIER, MURCIA, 30730, SPAIN, 2019) García Pinillos, Felipe; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; Roche Seruendo, Luis E.; Delgado Floody, Pedro; Martínez Salazar, Cristian P.; Latorre Román, PedroThe aim of this study was to determine the influence of age and sex on the functional movement in Spanish primary school children. A group of 172, 6-11 years old children (83 girls and 89 boys), participated in this study. The main outcome measures were the Functional Movement ScreenTM (FMS), sex and chronological age of children. The ANCOVA (BMI as a covariate) revealed significant differences between age groups (p=0.003) but no between-sex differences (pe»0.05) in FMS total score. As for individual FMS tests, significant differences between age groups (p<0.05) were found in the in-line lunge and the shoulder mobility tests; whereas, according to sex, significant differences (p<0.05) were found in the in-line lunge test (under 10 years old group) and the push-up test (under 12 group). The stepwise linear regression analysis revealed BMI as a primary predictor of FMS total score in school age children, but with a significant additional contribution from age (R2= 0.206, p<0.001), whereas the sex was excluded from this model (p=0.097). In conclusion, the results reported in this study suggest that age is a moderate determinant of FMS scores, whereas sex is not a determinant in this battery test in school age children (6-11 years old). This study also highlights that BMI is the primary predictor of FMS total score in school age children, but with a significant additional contribution from age, whereas the sex was excluded from this model.Ítem Effects of a 10-week running-retraining programme on the foot strike pattern of adolescents: A longitudinal intervention study(Elsevier, 2021) Consuegra González, Pedro J.; García Pinillos, Felipe; Mora López, David J.; Cardona Linares, Antonio J.; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; Latorre Román, Pedro a.Background: The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of ten weeks of different running-retraining programmes on rearfoot strike (RFS) prevalence in adolescents. Research question: it is possible to change foot strike pattern in adolescents? Methods: A total of 180 children (45.3% girls), aged 13–16 years, participated in this intervention study. The children were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups (EGs) that each carried out a different retraining programme, based on running technique (n = 39), a 15% increased step frequency (SF) (n = 37) and barefoot training (n = 30), performed for three days each week. A control group (CG) (n = 43) did not perform any retraining. A 2D video-based analysis (240 Hz) was used to determine the RFS. Results: At baseline, no significant differences in RFS prevalence were found between the EGs and the CG in either the left (χ2 = 2.048; p = 0.559) or the right foot (χ2 = 0.898; p = 0.825). In the post-test, no significant differences were found for the left foot (χ2 = 7.102; p = 0.069), but there were significant differences for the right foot (χ2 = 9.239; p = 0.025) were observed. In the re-test, no significant differences were found for either the left foot (χ2 = 2.665; p = 0.273) or the right foot (χ2 = 2.182; p = 0.325). In addition, no group displayed significant changes in RFS prevalence from the pre-test to the re-test. There was a trend towards a reduction in the RFS prevalence in both the increased SF group and the barefoot group. Meaning: The main finding of this study was that certain running-retraining programmes performed three times per week for ten weeks are not enough to modify the adolescent foot strike pattern (FSP).Ítem Evaluación y desarrollo de la condición física en niños preescolares(Jaén : Universidad de Jaén, 2017-07-03) Mora López, David José; Latorre Román, Pedro Ángel; García Pinillos, Felipe; Universidad de Jaén. Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica CorporalEl objetivo de esta Tesis Doctoral es desarrollar un protocolo de evaluación de la condición física en niños preescolares, estableciendo las referencias normativas al respecto, analizar el nivel de condición físca en edad infantil, así como los factores que la determinan y estudiar el efecto de la incorporación de un programa de actividad física en las sesiones ordinarias de Educación Infantil. Para poder alcanzar estos objetivos, hemos desarrollado diez estudios que dan dado lugar a otros tantos artículos, y han ayudado a justificar y fundamentar esta Tesis y sus resultados.Ítem How Does Power During Running Change when Measured at Different Time Intervals?(Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York, 2019) García Pinillos, Felipe; Soto Hermoso, Victor M.; Latorre Román, Pedro A.; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; Roche Seruendo, Luis E.This study aimed to examine how the power output changes while running at a continuous comfortable velocity on a motorized treadmill by comparing running power averaged during different time intervals. Forty-nine endurance runners performed a running protocol on a treadmill at self-selected comfortable velocity. Power output (W) was estimated with the Stryd™ power meter, and it was examined over six recording intervals within the 3-min recording period: 0–10 s, 0–20 s, 0–30 s, 0–60 s, 0–120 s and 0–180 s. The ANOVAs showed no significant differences in the magnitude of the power output between the recording intervals (p = 0.276, F = 1.614, partial Eta2 = 0.155). An almost perfect association was also observed in the magnitude of the power output between the recording intervals (ICC ≥ 0.999). Bland-Altman plots revealed no heteroscedasticity of error for the power output in any of the between- intervals comparisons (r2 < 0.1), although longer recording intervals yield smaller systematic bias, random errors, and narrower limits of agreement for power output. The results show that power data during running, as measured through the Stryd™ system, is a stable metric with negligible differences, in practical terms, between shorter (i. e., 10, 20, 30, 60 or 120 s) and longer recording intervals (i. e., 180 sÍtem How does the slope gradient affect spatiotemporal parameters during running? Influence of athletic level and vertical and leg stiffness(Elseviver, 2019-02) García Pinillos, Felipe; Latorre Román, Pedro A.; Ramírez Campillo, Rodrigo; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; Roche Seruendo, Luis E.Background The current evidence leaves certain questions unanswered, including whether well-trained athletes adapt to different slope gradients in the same way as amateurs, and whether stiffness influences spatiotemporal adaptations during uphill running. Research question This study aimed to determine the effect of different slope gradients (0%–11%) on spatiotemporal gait characteristics during running, taking into account the influence of athletic level, vertical and leg stiffness. Methods Male endurance runners (12 amateurs, 10 highly-trained) performed a running test on a motorized treadmill. The running velocity was set at 12 km/h, and participants completed six different running conditions (0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11% gradients). Spatiotemporal parameters were measured using the OptoGait system. Vertical (Kvert) and leg (Kleg) stiffness were calculated according to the sine-wave method. Results A 2 (amateur; highly-trained) × 6 (running conditions) ANOVA found no significant between-group differences in spatiotemporal parameters at any gradient (P ≥ 0.05); however, significant Kvert and Kleg differences (P < 0.05) were found within both groups with increasing gradients. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that Kleg was strongly associated with contact time (R2 = 0.797, P < 0.001), whereas Kvert was associated with spatiotemporal adaptations to different slope gradients (R2 = 0.547, P = 0.002). Significance An increased slope gradient (0–11%) at a given running velocity (12 km.h−1) caused spatiotemporal adaptations (i.e., increased CT and SF and decreased FT, SL and SA) regardless of the athletic level of the runner, although a non-significant trend differentiated the adaptations between the amateur and highly-trained groups. The results also indicated that leg stiffness plays a key role in the characteristics of spatiotemporal gait during level running, whereas vertical stiffness is strongly associated with spatiotemporal adaptations when running uphill.Ítem Kinematic alterations after two high-intensity intermittent training protocols in endurance runners(ScienceDirect, 2019-09) García Pinillos, Felipe; Molina Molina, Alejandro; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; Latorre Román, Pedro A.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate running kinematic characteristics during the early and late stages of 2 high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) protocols with similar external load but different average running pace, as well as to compare the fatigue-induced changes during both HIIT protocols at a kinematic level. Methods: Eighteen endurance runners were tested on a track on 2 occasions: 10 runs of 400 m with 90 120 s recovery between running bouts (10 £ 400 m), and 40 runs of 100 m with 25 30 s recovery between running bouts (40 £ 100 m). Heart rate was monitored during both protocols; blood lactate accumulation and rate of perceived exertion were recorded after both exercises. A high-speed camera was used to measure sagittal- plane kinematics at the first and last runs during both HIIT protocols. The dependent variables were spatial-temporal parameters (step length and contact and flight time), joint angles during support (relative angles of the hip, knee, and ankle), and foot strike pattern. Results: High levels of exhaustion were reached by the athletes during both workouts (blood lactate accumulation >12 mmol/L, rate of perceived exer- tion >15; peak heart rate (HRpeak) > 176 bpm). A within-protocol paired t test (first vs. last run) revealed no significant changes (p 0.05) in kinematic variables during any of the HIIT sessions. A between-protocol comparison with the first run of each protocol revealed the effect of running speed on kine- matics: +2.44 km/h during the 40 £ 100 m: shorter contact and flight time (p 0.01) and longer step length (p = 0.001); greater hip flexion (p = 0.031) and ankle extension (p = 0.001) at initial contact; smaller knee and ankle flexion (p < 0.001) at midstance; and greater hip extension at toe-off (p < 0.001). Conclusion: HIIT sessions including runs for 15 90 s and performed at intensity above the velocity associated with maximal oxygen uptake did not consistently perturb the running kinematics of trained endurance runners.Ítem Mood response in training and rest condition in veteran endurance runners with a negative addiction to running: a pilot study(Universidad Católica San Antonio, 2021-04) Latorre Román, Pedro A.; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; García Pinillos, Felipe; Salas Sánchez, JesúsTo analyze how mood status of veteran endurance athletes is modified in training and resting days, according to addiction level toward endurance running. 30 veteran endurance athletes participated in this study (age=40.53±8.20 years). The Negative Addiction Scale (NAS) and the Profile of Mood Status (POMS) were used. Participants were classified like an addicted when obtained a score ≥5 in NAS. Athletes performed the POMS in non-successive days, 4 training days and 4 resting days. The addicted athletes significantly increased (p<.05) the scores in tension, depression and anger in resting days. In non-addicted group, the tension is significantly increased (p=.015) in resting days, Non-addicted group showed in resting days, significant lower values (p<.05) in tension, depression, fatigue and anger than addicted group. Non-addicted athletes showed an iceberg profile in training and resting days, while addicted athletes only in training days. Significant correlations (p<.05) were found between NAS and tension, depression, fatigue and anger in resting days. The veteran endurance athletes with negative addiction to running modify the mood state in resting days, even when the rest is planned, and an increase in tension, depression, and anger values is produced.Ítem STRENGTH DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TRAINED AND UNTRAINED PRE-PUBERTAL CHILDREN: STRETCH-SHORTENING CYCLE OF MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS(AJOL. African Journals Online, 2019-07-31) Latorre Román, Pedro A.; Carrasco López, Domingo D.; Consuegra González, Pedro; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.; García Pinillos, Felipe; Salas Sánchez, Jesús"This study investigated jumping performance in pre-pubertal children with respect to age, gender and trained level and their ability to use the tretch-shortening cycle (SSC). One hundred and twenty-seven (n=127) children articipated in this study that included 66 from a basketball academy (age: 9.88±1.38 years) and 61 sedentary schoolchildren (age: 9.93±1.55 years). Neuromuscular variables, such as the Squat Jump (SJ), the Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), the Drop Jump (DJ) and the Standing Long Jump (SLJ) were measured. There were no significant differences between boys and girls in all the jumps for the basketball group. In the sedentary group, boys exhibit higher scores in DJ-40cm than the girls. The trained group achieves better scores in several jumps than the sedentary group. Significant differences between the sedentary and trained groups in relation to different age groups are found in all the jumps. High scores on the DJ-40cm and SLJ are a risk factor for trained status. Pre-pubertal children exhibit considerable trainability in relation to explosive leg strength; however, there is"Ítem The Ability of Runners to Identify Spatial and Temporal Variables of Speed During Endurance Running(HUMAN KINETICS PUBLISHERS, 2020) Latorre Román, Pedro A.; Fernández Povedano, Juan F.; Salas Sánchez, Jesús; García Pinillos, Felipe; Párraga Montilla, JUAN A."This study aimed to evaluate spatial and temporal perception in endurance runners as a mechanism of pacing control in comparison with other athletes (soccer players). A group of 38 endurance runners and 32 soccer players participated in this study. Runners displayed lower time differences and lower error than soccer players. Taking the athletic levels of endurance runners into consideration, significant differences (p = .011, Cohen’s d = 1.042) were found in the time differences (higher level group = 33.43 ± 29.43 vs. lower level group = 123.53 ± 102.61). Significant correlations were found between time differences and performance in a Cooper test (r = −.546) and with the best time in a half marathon (r = .597). Temporal and spatial perception can be considered as a cognitive skill of endurance runners."Ítem The body balance variability of judo athletes during a contest(Editorial Boards of scientific journals,, 2021-07-13) Serrano Huete, Victor; Latorre Román, Pedro A.; García Pinillos, Felipe; Romero Franco, Natalia; Morcillo Losa, José A.; Párraga Montilla, Juan ABackground and Study Aim: One important aspect to know with accuracy and with influence in a judo contest is the balance response that it has on athletes. The purpose was to know the variability in body balance during the successive bouts of a judo contest and possible loss percentages in this ability. Material and Methods: Twenty-two men performed five 5-minute bouts with 15 minutes of passive rest. Immediately after each bout, in rest time, balance abilities indicators were tested in a Sway test: centre or pressures (COP), ellipse of area (EA), Sway long (SL) and mean velocity (MV) in dominant (D), non-dominant (ND) and both legs (B). To compare baseline test data and successive bouts, ANOVA was used. Results: ANOVA revealed significant differences in EAD (ellipse of area dominant leg) p = 0.05, SLND (Sway long no dominant leg) p<0.001, SL2 (Sway long both legs) p = 0.009, MVND (mean velocity no dominant leg) p = 0.01 and MVD (mean velocity dominant leg) p = 0.003. In percentages, some decreases of 51.24% in EAD, 44.92% in SLND, 24.48% in SLB, 62.10% in MVND, 27.18% in MVD and 48.86% in MV2 (mean velocity both legs) were found. Fifteen minutes of rest-time was not enough for recovery the baseline levels in body balance abilities. Conclusions: The balance ability is modified during a judo contest. There is an important loss that affects to assessment of dominant, no dominant and mean values to both legs. Due to the fact that there are a high variability of situations that occurs in judo and individuals adaptations postural to aim a high performance, there is not a proportional loss in balance that in others capacities.Ítem The variability of strength production capacities during a judo contest(Physical Activity Review, 2023-01-04) Serrano Huete, Victor; Latorre Román, Pedro; García Pinillos, Felipe; Morcillo Losa, José A.; Jiménez Reyes, Pedro; Párraga Montilla, Juan A.Background. The muscular response of athletes in a judo contest is one of the most important aspect to measure with precision. Objective. Our purpose was to obtain and analyse the variability of strength associated to muscular performance parameters during a judo contest. Methods. Thirty-five men performed five 5-minute bouts with 15 minutes of passive rest. Immediately after each bout, muscular performance parameters were tested: countermovement jump (CMJ), maximal dynamic strength capacities (mean power velocity (MPV), mean strength (MS), maximum strength (MXS), mean power (MP) and maximum power (MXP)) in upper body, dominant (DHS) and non-dominant handgrip isometric strength (NDHS). ANOVA to compare baseline test data and successive bouts was used. Results. ANOVA revealed significant differences in NDHS (p<0.001), DHS (p<0.001), CMJ (p<0.001), MPV (p<0.001), MXS (p<0.001), MP (p<0.001) and MXP (p<0.001). No significant differences in MS (p = 0.008) were found. Some significant correlations between NDHS and ΔPMX (r=0.368, p=0.050), MPV and ΔMXS (r=0.528, p=0.001) and ΔMXP (r=0.683, p<0.001), MPX and ΔMXS (r=0.528, p=0.001) and ΔMP (r=0.877, p<0.001) were found. Conclusion. Due to judo contest can be considered a high intensity exercise, it produces an amount of muscular fatigue and therefore significant loss strength that it cannot be recovery during rest-times between successive bouts. For this reason, it was a high variability in strength production capacities, which are modified during a judo contestÍtem Variables psicosociales relacionadas a la obesidad infantil y adaptaciones al ejercicio físico intervalado de alta intensidad en escolares(Jaén : Universidad de Jaén, 2018-04-26) Delgado Floody, Pedro; Latorre Román, Pedro; García Pinillos, Felipe; Universidad de Jaén. Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y CorporalLa obesidad infantil se relaciona con problemas psicosociales tales como deficiencias en la convivencia social, la calidad de vida y diversos biomarcadores. Para el tratamiento de la obesidad existe evidencia que el entrenamiento intervalado de alta intensidad (HIIT), es factible para mejorar biomarcadores y la calidad de vida en población adulta principalmente. En población escolar, la evidencia es más limitada, originando un vacío respecto a su aplicabilidad. El propósito principal de la investigación ha sido determinar las variables que están siendo afectadas por la obesidad infantil desde una perspectiva global y determinar los efectos de juegos basados en HIIT aplicado en clases de Educación Física sobre el estado ponderal, la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria y la presión arterial de escolares con sobrepeso y obesidad.