Survey and assessment of technical and economic features for the provision of frequency control services by household-prosumers

Abstract

This paper surveys and assesses the technical and economic features that are crucial in the provision of frequency control services from aggregated household-prosumers. A framework is presented that allows policy makers to accurately assess these services. Furthermore, the role of the service aggregator in the provision from prosumers is outlined, something that highlights the value of the new distributed framework. Also discussed are the key features within the overall context of the design variables in various European countries, which are representative of different synchronous areas. This finding implies that from a regulatory point of view, important efforts are being made to harmonise the different network codes in the investigated countries. Moreover, this research compares the impact of techno-economic design variables on the financial incomes of providing frequency control services. For this purpose, we used a stochastic model of input variables that involves the statistical analysis of time series. A probabilistic method based on Monte Carlo simulation allowed the assessment of the revenues. The outcomes indicate that the RES penetration in each country together with the ratios of the power availability band and of the power availability band activation, and their associated prices are crucial factors that influence the resulting profitability.