RUJA: Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica

 

Spectroscopic Investigation ofWall Paintings in the Alhambra Monumental Ensemble: Decorations with Red Bricks

dc.contributor.authorArjonilla, Paz
dc.contributor.authorAyora-Cañada, María José
dc.contributor.authorde-la-Torre-López, María José
dc.contributor.authorCorrea, Elena
dc.contributor.authorRubio-Domene, Ramón
dc.contributor.authorDomínguez-Vidal, Ana
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-22T11:20:13Z
dc.date.available2025-01-22T11:20:13Z
dc.date.issued2021-04-14
dc.description.abstractThe Alhambra Monumental Ensemble (Granada, Spain) is a unique well-preserved palatine city from the medieval Islamic period, and it constitutes the best example of Nasrid architecture. In this work, we focus on the study of one of its most unknown decorations: Wall paintings with the appearance of red bricks. These faux brick decorations are found in many different locations within the Alhambra complex, including both exterior and interior walls, arches and vaults. We have considered locations from different Nasrid reigns to gain information about their characteristics in terms of materials, execution techniques and conservation state. They have been studied combining a non-invasive methodology using portable equipment (X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy) with complementary studies on selected samples (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Raman microimaging). In general, those located in the exterior are poorly preserved, in contrast with the good conservation state of the interior motifs. The red rectangles of these decorations were painted over a white finishing layer, which acted also as the edge lines between these false bricks. The red colour was always due to hematite (α-Fe2O3), as revealed by its characteristic Raman bands. The use of a natural red ochre pigment (very abundant in the region) could be hypothesised considering XRF and SEM-EDS results. In general, the white layer was made of lime mortar and the presence of CaCO3 in the painting layers suggests the use of lime-based techniques (either fresco or mezzo fresco). Only in one of the indoor locations, a different execution technique, based on gypsum (CaSO4 · 2H2O) plaster, was used. The identification of calcium oxalate in this location, in the form of weddellite (CaC2O4 · 2H2O), can be interpreted as the result of organic binder degradation. Furthermore, superficial contamination with gypsum was always detected in outdoor locations.
dc.identifier.citationArjonilla, P.; Ayora-Cañada, M.J.; de la Torre-López, M.J.; Correa Gómez, E.; Rubio Domene, R.; Domínguez-Vidal, A. Spectroscopic Investigation ofWall Paintings in the Alhambra Monumental Ensemble: Decorations with Red Bricks. Crystals 2021, 11, 423.es_ES
dc.identifier.issn2073-4352es_ES
dc.identifier.otherhttps://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040423es_ES
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10953/4308
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.publisherMDPIes_ES
dc.relation.ispartofCrystals 2021, 11, 423.es_ES
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España*
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesses_ES
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/*
dc.subjectWall paintingses_ES
dc.subjectAlhambraes_ES
dc.subjectPortable Ramanes_ES
dc.subjectSEM-EDSes_ES
dc.subjectRed ochrees_ES
dc.subjectLime mortares_ES
dc.titleSpectroscopic Investigation ofWall Paintings in the Alhambra Monumental Ensemble: Decorations with Red Brickses_ES
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlees_ES
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiones_ES

Archivos

Bloque original

Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
Cargando...
Miniatura
Nombre:
crystals-11-00423.pdf
Tamaño:
7.16 MB
Formato:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Descripción:

Bloque de licencias

Mostrando 1 - 1 de 1
No hay miniatura disponible
Nombre:
license.txt
Tamaño:
1.98 KB
Formato:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Descripción:

Colecciones