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Geopolymers made from metakaolin sources, partially replaced by Spanish clays and biomass bottom ash

dc.contributor.authorEliche Quesada, Dolores
dc.contributor.authorCalero Rodríguez, Alexis
dc.contributor.authorBonet Martínez, Eduardo
dc.contributor.authorPérez Villarejo, Luis
dc.contributor.authorSánchez Soto, Pedro J.
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-02T15:34:45Z
dc.date.available2025-02-02T15:34:45Z
dc.date.issued2021-08
dc.description.abstractThe main objective of this investigation is to study the effect of the substitution of metakaolin (MK) (from calcined industrial kaolin) by four different calcined natural Southern Spain clays traditionally used in the brick and tile sector, as well as by the biomass bottom ash residue (BBA) from the combustion of a mix of olive and pine pruning on the synthesis of geopolymer with physical, mechanical and thermal properties comparable to those of classic construction materials. As alkaline activator, a 8 M solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate have been used. Raw materials, metakaolin; Spanish clays: black clay (BC), yellow clay (YC), white clay (WC), red clay (RC) and BBA were characterized by chemical analysis (XRF), mineralogical analysis (XRD), and particle size analysis. Control geopolymers containing only metakaolin, and batch of geopolymers were formulated containing equal proportions of metakaolin, BBA and each of the four types of clay. After the curing period, at 60 °C for 1 day geopolymers were demolded and stored 27 days at room temperature. Geopolymers were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), XRD and Attenuated Total Reflectance- Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Their physical, mechanical and thermal properties have also been studied. The addition of BBA and different types of calcined clays to metakaolin gives rise to geopolymers with higher mechanical properties increasing the compressive strength of the control geopolymer containing only MK (24.9 MPa) by more than 50% for the GMK-BBA-WC geopolymers (38.5 MPa). The clays act as fillers and/or promote the precipitation of calcium-rich phases (Ca)-A-S-H-G gel that coexists with the (Na)-A-S-H gel type. The relevant results of physical, mechanical and thermal properties obtained in this research demonstrate the potential of Spanish clays and BBA as binders and substitutes for metakaolin.es_ES
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work has been funded by the project « Development and characterization of new geopolymer composites based on waste from the olive industry. Towards a sustainable construction (MAT2017-88097-R) », FEDER/Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, State Research Agency.es_ES
dc.identifier.citationD. Eliche-Quesada , A. Calero-Rodríguez , E. Bonet-Martínez , L. Pérez-Villarejo , P.J. Sánchez-Soto. Geopolymers made from metakaolin sources, partially replaced by Spanish clays and biomass bottom ash. J. Build. Eng. 40 (2021), 102761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102761es_ES
dc.identifier.issn2352-7102es_ES
dc.identifier.otherhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102761es_ES
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352710221006197?via%3Dihubes_ES
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10953/4627
dc.language.isoenges_ES
dc.publisherElsevieres_ES
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Building Engineering 40 ( 2021) 102761.es_ES
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España*
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesses_ES
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/*
dc.subjectBiomass bottom ashes_ES
dc.subjectSpanish clayses_ES
dc.subjectGeopolymerses_ES
dc.subjectMechanical properstieses_ES
dc.subjectSustainabilityes_ES
dc.titleGeopolymers made from metakaolin sources, partially replaced by Spanish clays and biomass bottom ashes_ES
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlees_ES
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersiones_ES

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