Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica y Automática
URI permanente para esta comunidadhttps://hdl.handle.net/10953/38
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Ítem Comparative analysis of direct inclined irradiance data soruces for micro-tracking concentrator photovoltaics(MDPI, 2025-06-05) Pérez-Higueras, Pedro; Ceballos, María Ángeles; Mouhib, Elmehdi; Bessa, Joao Gabriel; Montes-Romero, Jesús; Mata-Campos, RaulIn recent years, the scientific community has intensified its efforts to develop a new type of concentrator photovoltaic module that is competitive with conventional modules. These modules are based on internal tracking systems, known as micro-tracking concentrator photovoltaic modules, which generate electrical energy proportional to the direct radiation on the inclined surface. There are several reviews, databases, and models for various components of solar radiation, particularly for global and direct normal radiation. However, readily available data on direct inclined irradiance remain scarce. This paper reviews several available sources of solar radiation data, finding that only the Photovoltaic Geographic Information System and Solar Radiation Database provide direct inclined irradiance data. A comparative statistical analysis was carried out, and a reasonable fit was obtained between both databases. In addition, direct inclined radiation data extracted from these databases were compared with the values calculated using a well-established mathematical model. In addition, worldwide maps were generated to determine areas of interest for this technology. Therefore, this paper presents an original comparative analysis of existing databases containing information on direct inclined irradiation. This information is of interest for the accurate design and performance analysis of micro-tracking concentrator modules.Ítem Development of a Prototype for Monitoring Photovoltaic Self-Consumption Systems(MDPI, 2020-01-01) Rus-Casas, Catalina; Jiménez-Castillo, Gabino; Aguilar-Peña, Juan Domingo; Fernández-Carrasco, Juan Ignacio; Muñoz-Rodríguez, Francisco JoséCurrently, the increasing energy consumption around the world and the environmental impact resulting from the use of fossil fuel-based energy have promoted the use of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic solar energy. The main characteristic of this type of energy is its unpredictability, as it depends on meteorological conditions. In this sense, monitoring the power generation of photovoltaic systems (PVS) in order to analyze their performance is becoming crucial. The purpose of this paper is to design a monitoring system for a residential photovoltaic self-consumption system which employs an Internet of Things (IoT) platform to estimate the photovoltaic power generation according to solar radiation and temperature. The architecture of the developed prototype will be described and the benefits of providing the use of IoT for monitoring will be highlighted, since all data collected by the data acquisition system (DAS) may be stored in the Cloud. The comparison of the results with those of other monitoring systems was very positive, with an uncertainty that complies with the IEC61724 standard.Ítem Development of a Utility Model for the Measurement of Global Radiation in Photovoltaic Applications in the Internet of Things (IoT)(MDPI, 2019-03-08) Rus-Casas, Catalina; Hontoria, Leocadio; Fernández-Carrasco, Juan Ignacio; Jiménez-Castillo, Gabino; Muñoz-Rodríguez, Francisco JoséIn order to develop future projects in the field of photovoltaic solar energy, it is essential to accurately know the potential solar resources. There are many methods to estimate the incident solar radiation in a certain place. However, most of them are very expensive or do not have the ideal characteristics for good monitoring of a particular photovoltaic installation. For these reasons, an electronic device connected to the internet of things (IoT) is presented in this paper which manages to measure global radiation in photovoltaic applications. The device developed has been patented in the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office. It presents some features that make it very suitable to measure photovoltaic installations with the advantage of being a low cost and very reliable device. The device has been tested to determine global horizontal irradiance obtaining a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.994.Ítem Impacts of Array Orientation and Tilt Angles for Photovoltaic Self-Sufficiency and Self-Consumption Indices in Olive Mills in Spain(MDPI, 2020-02-18) Jiménez-Castillo, Gabino; Muñoz-Rodríguez, Francisco José; Martinez-Calahorro, Antonio Javier; Tina, Giuseppe Marco; Rus-Casas, CatalinaOlive mills are extensive in the Mediterranean Basin, and Spain constitutes approximately 45% of global production. The industrial sector faces a new energetic paradigm where distributed generation provided by small renewable energy sources may reduce the dependence from fossil energy sources as well as avoid energy distribution losses. Photovoltaic self-consumption systems can play an important role in confronting this challenge due to their modularity and their decreasing cost. Most of self-sufficiency energy studies are focused on building sector and discussions about the idiosyncrasy of industrial load profiles, and their matching capability with photovoltaic generation profiles can be scarcely found. This work analyzes the potential of photovoltaic self-consumption systems as a function of the array power, array tilt, and orientation angles to face the electric consumption in olive mills. Different recording intervals and reporting periods are considered. Results show that a self-sufficiency index of 40% may be achieved on olive harvest basis. Moreover, due to the load profile particularities, percentage error lower than 1.6% has been found when considering a recording interval of 60 min when matching the olive load consumption and photovoltaic generation profiles. Chosen array tilt and orientation angles may be key parameters to maximize the self-sufficiency index.Ítem Improvements in Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic Systems: Array Power Monitoring in Pulse Width Modulation Charge Controllers(MDPI, 2019-05-09) Jiménez-Castillo, Gabino; Muñoz-Rodríguez, Francisco José; Rus-Casas, Catalina; Gómez-Vidal, PedroVarious challenges should be considered when measuring photovoltaic array power and energy in pulse width modulation (PWM) charge controllers. These controllers are frequently used not only in stand-alone photovoltaic (SAPV) systems, but may also be found in photovoltaic (PV) self-consumption systems with battery storage connected to the electricity grid. An acceptable solution may be reached using expensive data acquisition systems (DASs), although this could be generally disproportionate to the relatively low cost of SAPV systems. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to develop new and e ective monitoring techniques which will provide the PV array direct current (DC), output power (PA,dc), and PV array DC output energy (EA), thus avoiding the use of sophisticated DASs and providing high accuracy for the calculated parameters. Only transducers and electronic circuits that provide the average and true rms values of the PWM signals are needed. The estimation of these parameters through the aforementioned techniques showed high accuracy for both series and shunt PWM battery charge controllers. Normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) was lower than 2.4%, normalized mean bias error (NMBE) was between 1.5% and 1.1%, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was within 1.6%.Ítem Photovoltaic Self-Consumption in Industrial Cooling and Refrigeration(MDPI, 2020-12-21) Martínez-Calahorro, Antonio Javier; Jiménez-Castillo, Gabino; Rus-Casas, Catalina; Gómez-Vidal, Pedro; Muñoz-Rodríguez, Francisco JoséThe industrial sector has a great opportunity to reduce its energy costs through distributed generation. In this sense, the potential of photovoltaic self-consumption systems in the industrial cooling and refrigeration sector is shown. Two industries with photovoltaic self-consumption installations are shown and the electricity consumption profile of this type of industry which has a remarkable basal electricity consumption during daytime is analyzed. The matching between consumption and photovoltaic generation profiles is provided through the self-consumption and self-sufficiency curves considering different reporting periods (monthly and annual). Moreover, a new index is presented: self-sufficiency index for sunshine hours, φSS,SH. This index evaluates the performance of the photovoltaic self-consumption system when facing the consumption only during sunshine hours. This index may complement the self-sufficiency index and may improve the analysis of this type of systems in the industrial sector. Self-consumption indices of 90% may be provided. Moreover, self-sufficiency indices for total (24 h) and for sunshine hours of 25% and 50%, respectively, for industry A, and 26% and 45% for industry B have been obtained. During daytime, half the load consumption in this type of industry may be covered by photovoltaics while achieving high levels of use of the photovoltaic energy generated.