Examinando por Autor "Orlandi, Fabio"
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Ítem Airborne-pollen maps for olive-growing areas throughout the Mediterranean region: spatio-temporal interpretation(Springer, 2015) Aguilera-Padilla, Fátima; Ben-Dhiab, Alí; Msallem, Monji; Orlandi, Fabio; Bonofiglio, Tommaso; Ruiz-Valenzuela, Luis; Galán-Soldevilla, Carmen; Díaz-de-la-Guardia, Consuelo; Giannelli, Angelo; Trigo, María Mar; García-Mozo, Herminia; Perez-Badia, Rosa; Fornaciari, MarcoThe aim of this study was the elaboration and the spatio-temporal interpretation of Olea europaea L. airborne-pollen maps across the main olive cultivation areas within the Mediterranean basin (i.e. Tunisia, Spain, Italy). The study was performed using aerobiological databases recorded from 27 georeferenced study sites. Maps were elaborated for different 10-day period through spring and summer: 1, 10, 20, 30 April; 10, 20, 30 May; 9, 19, 30 June; and 10 July. Average pollen counts in each study site were considered for the 13-year period from 1999 to 2011. Both these 10-day period of pollen emission data and the geographical coordinates were used as variables in the elaboration of the 10-day period maps. The ‘Natural Neighbour’ interpolation method was used. The statistical relationship between spatial location and maximum pollen emission was studied using linear regression and cluster analyses. The airborne-pollen maps show a spatio-temporal pattern in the pollen season. The maximum pollen emission is progressively delayed with northward changes in latitude, and the classification of the Olea maximum pollen emission date into four latitudinal categories is defined. The maximum Olea pollen concentrations were mainly recorded around 20 May. Early flowering in Tunisia coastal zones can indicate the onset of the olive pollen release season in the occidental Mediterranean region, while the central olive-growing areas in Italy can indicate the end of the olive pollen release season. These maps give information of the major risk days to the people who are allergic to olive pollen.Ítem Analysis and interpretation of long temporal trends in cumulative temperatures and olive reproductive features using a seasonal trend decomposition procedure(Elsevier, 2015-04) Aguilera-Padilla, Fátima; Orlandi, Fabio; Ruiz-Valenzuela, Luis; Msallem, Monji; Fornaciari, MarcoThe aim of the present study was to analyse long temporal trends in cumulative temperatures and olive (Olea europaea L.) reproductive features, including full flowering dates and daily pollen concentrations, in three Mediterranean areas. The study used a 19-year database (1993–2011) of pollen and temperature records from the sites of Perugia (Italy), Jaen (Spain) and Zarzis (Tunisia). The analysis of long-term trends in both temperatures and olive reproductive cycles was performed using two approaches. The first is a seasonal trend decomposition procedure based on locally weighted regression (Loess) smoothing (STL), which is a filtering procedure for decomposing seasonal time series into three components: trend, seasonal, and remainder. The second approach analyses the trend components using Mann–Kendall tests. Loess smoothing provides a good approach to study long-term meteorological and phenological trends. Removing both the seasonal and the remainder components, the real rising trends over time can be interpreted. In general, a significant and clear increasing trend in the spring cumulative temperature was revealed, with decreasing trends in the full flowering dates of the olive trees located in Perugia and Zarzis. Moreover, olive pollen emissions are decreasing, which is more evident for the highest and lowest latitudinal study sites. These data indicate that increasing temperatures result in both anticipation of olive tree flowering and lower airborne pollen emission. As a consequence, the lower atmospheric pollen levels will reduce human exposure to olive pollen in the Mediterranean area. These patterns are evident for the highest and lowest latitudes, but not clear in the intermediate latitudes of Jaen, where further analysis is needed.Ítem Better prediction of Mediterranean olive production using pollen-based models(Springer France, 2014) Oteros-Moreno, José Antonio; Orlandi, Fabio; García-Mozo, Herminia; Aguilera-Padilla, Fátima; Ben-Dhiab, Alí; Bonofiglio, Tommaso; Abichou, Mounir; Ruiz-Valenzuela, Luis; Trigo, María Mar; Díaz-de-la-Guardia, Consuelo; Domínguez-Vilches, Eugenio; Msallem, Monji; Fornaciari, Marco; Galán-Soldevilla, CarmenOlive oil is a major economic resource of the Mediterranean region. Olive crop management can be improved by models that forecast the variable reproductive biology of olive tree. However, the processes controlling olive harvest are complex on large scales. Here, we study the parameters that influence olive fruit production for developing accurate forecasting models. Seventeen aerobiological sampling points have monitored olive pollen grains in Spain, Italy and Tunisia from 1993 to 2012. Six crop models have been developed at two provinces and country scales. The modelling has been done in two steps: (1) typification and (2) modelling by partial least square regression. Results show that higher pollen indexes and water availability during spring are related to an increase of final fruit production in all the studied area. Higher pollen indexes are also positively correlated with air temperature during early spring and autumn. Furthermore, a decrease of fruit production is related with increasing air temperature during winter and summer. To conclude, we have designed accurate models that allow accurate predictions of olive production.Ítem Design of a downscaling method to estimate continuous data from discrete pollen monitoring in Tunisia(Royal Soc. Chemistry, 2014-04) Orlandi, Fabio; Oteros-Moreno, José Antonio; Aguilera-Padilla, Fátima; Ben-Dhiab, Alí; Msallem, Monji; Fornaciari, MarcoThe study of microorganisms and biological particulate matter that transport passively through air is very important for an understanding of the real quality of air. Such monitoring is essential in several specific areas, such as public health, allergy studies, agronomy, indoor and outdoor conservation, and climate-change impact studies. Choosing the suitable monitoring method is an important step in aerobiological studies, so as to obtain reliable airborne data. In this study, we compare olive pollen data from two of the main air traps used in aerobiology, the Hirst and Cour air samplers, at three Tunisian sampling points, for 2009 to 2011. Moreover, a downscaling method to perform daily Cour air sampler data estimates is designed. While Hirst air samplers can offer daily, and even bi-hourly data, Cour air samplers provide data for longer discrete sampling periods, which limits their usefulness for daily monitoring. Higher quantities of olive pollen capture were generally detected for the Hirst air sampler, and a downscaling method that is developed in this study is used to model these differences. The effectiveness of this downscaling method is demonstrated, which allows the potential use of Cour air sampler data series. These results improve the information that new Cour data and, importantly, historical Cour databases can provide for the understanding of phenological dates, airborne pollination curves, and allergenicity levels of air.Ítem Heat accumulation period in the Mediterranean region: phenological response of the olive in different climate areas (Spain, Italy and Tunisia)(Springer, 2014) Aguilera-Padilla, Fátima; Ruiz-Valenzuela, Luis; Fornaciari, Marco; Romano, Bruno; Galán-Soldevilla, Carmen; Oteros-Moreno, José. A; Msallem, Monji; Orlandi, FabioThe main characteristics of the heat accumulation period and the possible existence of different types of biological response to the environment in different populations of olive through the Mediterranean region have been evaluated. Chilling curves to determine the start date of the heat accumulation period were constructed and evaluated. The results allow us to conclude that the northern olive populations have the greatest heat requirements for the development of their floral buds, and they need a period of time longer than olives in others areas to completely satisfy their biothermic requirements. The olive trees located in the warmest winter areas have a faster transition from endogenous to exogenous inhibition once the peak of chilling is met, and they show more rapid floral development. The lower heat requirements are due to better adaptation to warmer regions. Both the threshold temperature and the peak of flowering date are closely related to latitude. Different types of biological responses of olives to the environment were found. The adaptive capacity shown by the olive tree should be considered as a useful tool with which to study the effects of global climatic change on agro-ecosystems.