Examinando por Autor "Marcos, Marga"
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Ítem A Customizable Architecture for Application-Centric Management of Context-Aware Applications(IEEE, 2022-01) Gangoiti, Unai; López-García, Alejandro; Armentia, Aintzane; Estévez-Estévez, Elisabet; Marcos, Marga; Casquero, OskarContext-aware applications present common requirements (e.g., heterogeneity, scalability, adaptability, availability) in a variety of domains (e.g., healthcare, natural disaster prevention, smart factories). Besides, they do also present domain specific requirements, among which the application concept itself is included. Therefore, a platform in charge of managing their execution must be generic enough to cover common requirements, but it must also be adaptable enough to consider the domain aspects to meet the demands at application-level. Several approaches in the literature tackle some of these demands, but not all of them, and without considering the applications concept and the customization demands in different domains. This work proposes a generic and customizable management architecture that covers both types of requirements based on multi-agent technology and model-driven development. Multi-agent technology is used to enable the distributed intelligence needed to address many common requirements, whereas model-driven development allows to address domain specific particularities. On top of that, a customization methodology to develop specific platforms from this generic architecture is also presented. This methodology is assessed by means of a case study in the domain of eHealthCare. Finally, the performance of MAS-RECON is compared with the most popular tool for the orchestration of containerized applications.Ítem A Methodological Approach for Integrating Physical Assets in Industry 4.0(IEEE, 2023-09) López-García, Alejandro; Estévez-Estévez, Elisabet; Casquero, Oskar; Marcos, MargaThe paradigm of the fourth industrial revolution poses the combined use of technologies that provide companies with adaptability to face uncertain market scenarios. Different institutions have presented their reference architectures to apply principles of the fourth industrial revolution in a standardized way, being the German proposal Industry 4.0 (I4.0) the most widespread. Nowadays most companies are still in the computerization and digitalization phases prior to being able to connect to I4.0. This situation highlights the need for solutions for the integration of physical assets in I4.0. However, most of the work in this area focuses on ad-hoc solutions, or at least technology-dependent ones. This article presents a multilayer approach for integrating physical assets in I4.0. The goal is to separate the different concerns related to the integration of physical assets into abstract layers. This approach allows addressing these concerns in a generic way, regardless of the type of asset and/or the technology used, as well as efficient, since it addresses each concern separately. This approach is complemented by a methodology that provides guidelines for integrating physical assets according to the multilayer approach. The applicability of the multilayer approach and the integration methodology is put to the test by integrating a roboticarm.Ítem An industrial agent-based customizable platform for I4.0 manufacturing systems(Elsevier, 2023-01) López-García, Alejandro; Casquero, Oskar; Estévez-Estévez, Elisabet; Armentia, Aintzane; Orive, Darío; Marcos, MargaThe fourth industrial revolution paradigm places value on the management of information related to the manufacturing process. Reference Architectural Model for Industrie 4.0 (RAMI 4.0), proposed by Plattform Industrie 4.0 (I4.0), provides a starting point for the development of I4.0 systems, based on: (1) international standards organized in a cubic model; (2) a set of key concepts to define the system participants, called I4.0 components; and (3) a list of infrastructure services required to manage I4.0 components and support them in the execution of manufacturing applications. However, the terms in which RAMI 4.0 is stated are generic and neutral from a technological point of view, without actually providing support for the practical development of concrete management platforms (I4.0 Platforms). This work contributes an I4.0 platform for the manufacturing domain that offers the infrastructure services required to manage an I4.0 system. The objective is to bring Industry 4.0 closer to companies, bridging the existing gap by providing a platform aligned with RAMI 4.0 which also offers tools and resources to facilitate the development of I4.0 components. To that end, this I4.0 platform is based on industrial agents, which have an inherent ability to negotiate and cooperate with each other and address the integration of assets. The applicability of the proposed I4.0 platform is evaluated by means of a testing scenario.Ítem Automation Software Architecture in CPPS – Definition, Challenges and Research Potentials(IEEE, 2022-05) Vogel-Heuser, Birgit; Neumann, Eva María; Fischer, Juliane; Marcos, Marga; Estévez-Estévez, Elisabet; Barbieri, Giacomo; Sonnleithner, Lisa; Rabise, RickThe importance of a mature, maintainable design of automation software in Cyber-Physical Production Sys-tems (CPPS) is continuously increasing since a growing propor-tion of the system functionality is implemented via software. As a result, system complexity is shifting more and more towards the software side. Quality characteristics such as flexibility, maintain-ability, and extensibility, whose importance is increasing in the context of Industry 4.0, are thus becoming harder to achieve. These challenges can only be solved through sound architectural design. While there is a common understanding of good software architecture and appropriate methods to achieve it in computer science, a suitable architecture definition for automation software that takes all relevant factors into account is still missing in the field of CPPS. Therefore, based on a workshop with international scientists with different perspectives on CPPS, this paper presents influencing factors on automation software architecture. On this basis, a joint definition for software architecture in CPPS, as well as challenges and future research potentials, are derived.Ítem Model-Driven Design and Development of Flexible Automated Production Control Configurations for Industry 4.0(MDPI, 2021-03) Gangoiti, Unai; López-García, Alejandro; Armentia, Aintzane; Estévez-Estévez, Elisabet; Marcos, MargaThe continuous changes of the market and customer demands have forced modern automation systems to provide stricter Quality of service (QoS) requirements. This work is centered in automation production system flexibility, understood as the ability to shift from one controller configuration to a different one, in the most quick and cost-effective way, without disrupting its normal operation. In the manufacturing field, this allows to deal with non-functional requirements such as assuring control system availability or workload balancing, even in the case of failure of a machine, components, network or controllers. Concretely, this work focuses on flexible applications at production level, using Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) as primary controllers. The reconfiguration of the control system is not always possible as it depends on the process state. Thus, an analysis of the system state is necessary to make a decision. In this sense, architectures based on industrial Multi Agent Systems (MAS) have been used to provide this support at runtime. Additionally, the introduction of these mechanisms makes the design and the implementation of the control system more complex. This work aims at supporting the design and development of such flexible automation production systems, through the proposed model-based framework. The framework consists of a set of tools that, based on models, automate the generation of control code extensions that add flexibility to the automation production system, according to industry 4.0 paradigm.Ítem Technology-Independent Demonstrator for Testing Industry 4.0 Solutions(IEEE, 2022-07) López, Alejandro; Sakurada, Lukas; Leitao, Paulo; Casquero, Oskar; Estévez, Elisabet; De la Prieta, Fernando; Marcos, MargaCyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are devoted to be the main participants in Industry 4.0 (I4.0) solutions. In recent years, many authors have focused their efforts on making proposals for the design and implementation of CPS based on different digital technologies. However, the comparative evaluation of these I4.0 solutions is complex, since there is no uniform criterion when it comes to defining the test scenarios and the metrics to assess them. This paper presents a technology-independent CPS demonstrator for benchmarking I4.0 solutions. To that end, a set of testing scenarios, Key Performance Indicators and services were defined considering the available automation cells setup. The proposed demonstrator has been used to test an I4.0 solution based on a Multi-agent Systems (MAS) approach.Ítem Towards the generic integration of agent-based AASs and Physical Assets: a four-layered architecture approach(IEEE, 2021-07) López, Alejandro; Casquero, Oskar; Estévez, Elisabet; Leitao, Paulo; Marcos, MargaThe I4.0 Component is a key concept of the Platform Industrie 4.0 initiative. The I4.0 Component is made up of an asset performing services and an Asset Administration Shell (AAS) representing the asset in the system. I4.0 Components must meet the requirements of interoperability, identification, representation, information management, integration, and asset management. Industrial agents are a suitable approach to implement I4.0 Components since they meet these requirements and provide additional features such as distributed decision-making capabilities. Nevertheless, the development of generic approaches for the integration of AASs and assets is not straightforward due to the diversity of physical assets in the factories. This paper proposes a four-layered architecture for the implementation of I4.0 Components based on industrial agents, two in the agent-based AAS and the other two in the physical asset. The division into layers enhances the separation of concerns, encapsulating the different integration aspects at different abstraction levels. This approach is complementary to the standard IEEE 2660.1-2020 on recommended practices for industrial agents, which focuses on the deployment of the interface between the agent and the physical asset. As a proof of concept, the proposed architecture will be applied for the integration of a software agent and a robot from an assembly cell, aiming to create an I4.0 Component.