Examinando por Autor "Cardona, Carlos A."
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Ítem Análisis del proceso de extracción de antioxidantes del hueso de oliva(Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas (Ecuador), 2015-11-27) Hernández, Valentina; Idárraga, Ángela M.; Cerón, Ivonne X.; Romero-García, Juan M.; Castro, Eulogio; Dávila, Javier A.; Cardona, Carlos A.Olive tree cultivation is spreading worldwide due to the beneficial effects of olive oil consumption. Olive oil production process and table olive industries are the major sources of olive stones. Currently, this by-product is used in direct combustion to produce energy as electricity or heat. However, there are other possibilities for taking full advantage of this renewable source, and its recovery would represent an economic improvement for farmers.The olive stone not only contains primarily lignocellulosic, but also it has revealed the presence of phenolic compounds with antifungal and antibacterial properties. For this reason, in this work the extraction of antioxidant compounds is proposed as a process with supercritical fluids for olive stone. These bioactive molecules can be used in the food industry, cosmetics, functional foods, and nutraceuticals additives. During the analysis of percent inhibition of DPPH method, an antioxidant capacity of 5.63 mg trolox equivalent (TE) per g dry matter was found.Ítem Techno-economic and Environmental Assessment of an Olive Stone based Biorefinery(Elsevier, 2014-10-03) Hernández, Valentina; Romero-García, Juan M.; Dávila, Javier A.; Castro, Eulogio; Cardona, Carlos A.Olive tree cultivation is spreading worldwide as a consequence of beneficial effects of olive oil consumption. Olive oil production process and table olive industries are the major sources of olive stones. Currently, this by-product is used in direct combustion to produce energy as electricity or heat. However, there are other possibilities for taking full advantage of a renewable source of interesting compounds. In this work the techno-economic and environmental assessment of two biorefinery schemes and its comparison with the direct combustion (base case) of this residue are presented. The first biorefinery scheme describes the integrated production of xylitol, furfural, ethanol and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). The second biorefinery scheme considers the production of xylitol, furfural, ethanol and PHB integrated to a cogeneration system for producing bioenergy from the solid residues resulting from the mentioned processes. The results showed that in the first biorefinery scheme, the net profit margin is approximately 53%, while the second present a net profit margin of 6%.